Overview
Contemporary clinical care captures only short snapshots of physiology. The High-Dimensional Phenotyping Laboratory is a translational research and innovation lab that brings together cardiology, electrophysiology, engineering, human performance science, surgery, statistics, signal science and computational modeling to understand physiology at scale and deploy rigorous, clinically meaningful solutions. The lab is co-directed by Charles J. Bruce, M.B., Ch.B.; Rickey E. Carter, Ph.D.; Antonio J. Forte, M.D., Ph.D.; Clifton R. Haider, Ph.D.; and Christopher J. McLeod, M.B., Ch.B., Ph.D.
The High-Dimensional Phenotyping Lab captures the full story. This includes how a person's physiology behaves all day, every day, and how it responds to stressors, environment, sleep, recovery and treatment.
The lab focuses on redefining how human physiology is measured, interpreted and applied to clinical care. By building validated, interpretable digital measures, clinicians gain earlier detection, richer phenotyping and greater confidence in therapeutic decisions. Patients benefit from continuous, personalized assessments that support precision medicine and proactive care. Meanwhile, health systems and industry collaborators access scalable, standards-driven digital biomarkers suitable for research, trials and regulatory pathways.
The High-Dimensional Phenotyping Lab integrates multimodal sensing, artificial intelligence (AI)-driven signal analysis, and high-integrity clinical and engineering science to create next-generation digital biomarkers, real-time therapeutic algorithms and patient-centered monitoring solutions. The lab aims to create a future where continuous multimodal physiology, interpreted through rigorous clinical science, becomes a routine component of healthcare.
The lab envisions a future where:
- Every patient carries their physiology with them.
- Every clinician can see deeper into disease pathways.
- Every study benefits from precise, real-time digital biomarkers.
In pursuit of this vision, the lab develop s and validates technologies that capture a continuous, holistic view of human physiology. This includes ECG, movement, hemodynamics, autonomic signals, environmental context and patient-reported symptoms. The lab converts these streams into actionable clinical models.
The lab's work includes:
- Wearable and untethered physiologic monitoring. Custom Mayo-engineered sensor platforms provide high-resolution, in-hospital and free-living data capture.
- Digital phenotype construction. Advanced algorithms define disease signatures for cardiovascular disease, autonomic disorders, sleep health, pain, aging and mental health.
- Clinical AI for diagnosis, prognosis and prediction. Regulatory-aligned model development includes passive six-minute walk tests, heart failure decompensation models, postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome diagnostic algorithms, post-ICU recovery metrics, and intrinsic capacity and aging scores.
- Closed-loop therapeutics. Rhythmic haptic feedback, vagal neuromodulation and multimodal physiologic control systems provide autonomic stabilization, sleep optimization and early stress-response interruption.
- Precision clinical trials and digital end points. The lab develops validated, reproducible, sensor-based biomarkers for clinical trials. These biomarkers span heart failure, aging, pain, wearable-guided rehabilitation and autonomic disorders.