Clinical Trials

Inclusion Criteria:

• All participants must be free of regular esophageal symptoms such as dysphagia, heartburn, chest pain, or regurgitation. Symptom absence will be confirmed using validated questionnaires, defined as a score of 0 on the Brief Esophageal Dysphagia Questionnaire (BEDQ) and a score of less than 8 on the Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease Questionnaire (GerdQ) [22–24].

• All participants must understand English and be capable of providing informed consent.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, or gastrectomy), known esophageal disease, and/or any significant comorbidities that could affect esophageal function (such as neurologic disorders, connective tissue disease, diabetes with autonomic neuropathy, or pulmonary disease).

• Participants should not be taking medications known to impair esophageal motility, including opioids, anticholinergics, benzodiazepines, and calcium channel blockers.

• Cognitive impairment that prevents informed consent or adherence to study procedures will also result in exclusion.

• Participants with significant sinus disease that would preclude passage of the HRM catheter will not be enrolled.

• All participants must be able to provide informed consent and comply with study procedures.

Note: Other protocol defined Inclusion/Exclusion Criteria may apply.

Eligibility last updated 03/02/2026. Questions regarding updates should be directed to the study team contact.