Inclusion Criteria:

• Patients with either an imaging diagnosis of HCC by CT or MRI (LI-RADS 5) confirmed by a board-certified abdominal radiologist, or with biopsy-proven HCC.
• Subjects who may undergo hepatic surgical resection, liver transplant, hepatic locoregional therapy (ablation, embolization, etc.) or systemic therapy.
• No prior treatment for index HCC lesion (surgical resection, liver transplant, hepatic locoregional therapy arm).
• For the systemic therapy arm, patients who have had unequivocal progression after prior LRT and/or those undergoing de novo systemic therapy in view of advanced HCC at diagnosis.
• Male or female with age greater than 18 years, with the capacity and willingness to provide a written informed consent.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Subjects requiring emergent surgery for a ruptured/bleeding HCC.
• Bilirubin > 3.0 mg/dL, which is a contraindication for Gadoxetate, the MRI contrast agent (relevant to PET/MRI).
• Pregnant and/or breast-feeding subjects. A negative pregnancy test within 48 hours of the PET scan.
• Subjects with higher than the weight/size limitations of PET/MRI or PET/CT scanner.
• Subjects with contraindication to MRI (relevant to PET/MRI):
  • Subjects who have a heart pacemaker;
  • Subjects who have a metallic foreign body (metal sliver) in their eye, or who have an aneurysm clip in their brain;
  • Subjects who have implanted devices with magnets;
  • Subjects who have other implanted electronic devices;
  • Subjects who have deep brain stimulator;
  • Subjects who have vagal nerve stimulator;
  • Subjects with cochlear (ear) or auditory implants.