Upon completion of this program, participants should be able to:

• Discuss standard echocardiographic methods used to assess valvular heart disease;
• Develop an integrated approach to the Doppler assessment of valvular stenosis and valvular regurgitation; and,
• Discuss emerging applications of echocardiography in the evaluation of native and prosthetic valve dysfunction.

Attendance at this Mayo course does not indicate nor guarantee competence or proficiency in the performance of any procedures which may be discussed or taught in this course.